Publication
This paper presents results of research comparing delays estimated by a number of fixed-time signal delay models for a range of conditions extending from undersaturated to highly saturated. The delay models compared are a deterministic queuing model, a model based on shock wave theory, the steady-state Webster model, the queue-based models defined in the 1981 Australian Capacity Guide (ARR No. 123), the 1995 Canadian Capacity Guide for Signalized Intersections, and the 1994 and 1997 versions of the Highway Capacity Manual (HCM) as well as the delays estimated from the INTEGRATION microscopic